UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Adopted and proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations (resolution 217 A III) on 10 December 1948.
Preamble
"Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity of all members of the human family and of their equal and inalienable rights is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
whereas contempt and disregard for human rights have resulted in barbaric acts that have outraged the conscience of humanity, and whereas the advent of a world in which women and men enjoy freedom of speech, belief and the freedom to live free from fear and of necessity was proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common human being,
Considering that it is essential that human rights be protected by the rule of law, so that human beings are not compelled, as a last resort, to rebel against tyranny and oppression,
Considering it essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have reaffirmed, in Charter , their faith in the fundamental rights of the human being, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women, and that they have resolved to promote social progress and better conditions of life in wider freedom,
Considering that the Member States have committed themselves to promoting, in cooperation with the United Nations, universal respect for and observance of fundamental human rights and freedoms,
Considering that a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the utmost importance for the full fulfillment of this commitment,
Now therefore the General Assembly proclaims the present Universal Declaration of Human Rights as the common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, whether, through teaching and education, by promoting respect for these rights and freedoms, and, by adopting progressive measures of a national and international character, by ensuring their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among peoples of the Member States themselves and among the peoples of the territories under their jurisdiction.
Article 1
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and must act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Article 2
1. Every human being has the capacity to enjoy the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, wealth, birth, or any other condition.
2. No distinction shall also be made based on the political, legal or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it is an independent territory, under trusteeship, without its own government, or subject to any other limitation of sovereignty.
Article 3
Every human being has the right to life, liberty and personal security.
Article 4
No one will be held in bondage or servitude; slavery and the slave trade will be prohibited in all its forms.
Article 5
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Article 6
Every human being has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
Article 7
All are equal before the law and are entitled, without any distinction, to equal protection of the law. Everyone is entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.
Article 8
Every human being has the right to receive from the competent national courts an effective remedy for acts that violate the fundamental rights recognized by the constitution or by law.
Article 9
No one will be arbitrarily arrested, detained or exiled.
Article 10
Every human being has the right, in full equality, to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, to decide their rights and duties or basis of any criminal charge against him.
Article 11
1. Every human being accused of a criminal act has the right to be presumed innocent until his guilt has been proven in accordance with the law, in a public trial in which he has been assured all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
2. No one can be held responsible for any action or omission which, at the time, did not constitute a crime under national or international law. Neither shall a penalty be imposed stronger than that which, at the time of the practice, was applicable to the criminal act.
Article 12
No one will be subject to interference with his private life, family, home or correspondence, nor to an attack on his honor and reputation. Every human being is entitled to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
Article 13
1. Every human being has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.
2. Every human being has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to it.
Article 14
1. Every human being victim of persecution has the right to seek and enjoy asylum in other countries.
2. This right cannot be invoked in the event of persecution legitimately motivated by common law crimes or by acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
Article 15
1. Every human being has the right to a nationality.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality, nor of the right to change his nationality.
Article 16
1. Men and women of full age, without any restriction of race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and found a family. They enjoy equal rights in relation to marriage, its duration and its dissolution.
2. The marriage will only be valid with the free and full consent of the betrothed.
3. The family is the natural and fundamental nucleus of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.
Article 17
1. Every human being has the right to own property, alone or in partnership with others.
2. No one will be arbitrarily deprived of their property.
Article 18
Every human being has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change religion or belief and freedom to manifest that religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship in public or in private.
Article 19
Every human being has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.
Article 20
1. Every human being has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
2. No one can be compelled to be part of an association.
Article 21
1. Every human being has the right to take part in the government of his country directly or through freely chosen representatives.
2. Every human being has an equal right of access to the public service of his country.
3. The will of the people will be the basis of government authority; this will shall be expressed in periodical and legitimate elections, by universal suffrage, by secret ballot or equivalent process that ensures freedom to vote.
Article 22
Every human being, as a member of society, has the right to social security, to the realization, through national efforts, through international cooperation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable to their dignity and freedom. development of your personality.
Article 23
1. Every human being has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable working conditions and to protection against unemployment.
2. Every human being, without any distinction, has the right to equal remuneration for equal work.
3. Every human being who works has the right to just and satisfactory remuneration that will ensure him and his family an existence compatible with human dignity and to which, if necessary, other means of social protection may be added.
4. Every human being has the right to organize unions and join them to protect their interests.
Article 24
Every human being has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic paid vacations.
Article 25
1. Every human being has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing, medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, illness, disability, widowhood, old age or other loss of livelihood in circumstances beyond your control.
2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, born in or out of wedlock, will enjoy the same social protection.
Article 26
1. Every human being has the right to education. Instruction will be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental grades. Elementary instruction will be mandatory. Technical-professional education will be accessible to all, as will higher education, which is based on merit.
2. Instruction will be oriented towards the full development of the human personality and the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. The instruction will promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations and racial or religious groups and will support United Nations peacekeeping activities.
3. Parents have a right of priority in choosing the type of instruction that will be given to their children.
Article 27
1. Every human being has the right to participate freely in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific progress and its benefits.
2. Every human being has the right to the protection of moral and material interests arising from any scientific literary or artistic production of which he is the author.
Article 28
Every human being is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realised.
Article 29
1. Every human being has duties towards the community, in which the free and full development of his personality is possible.
2. In the exercise of their rights and freedoms, every human being shall be subject only to the limitations determined by law, exclusively for the purpose of ensuring due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and to satisfy the just demands of morality, order public health and the well-being of a democratic society.
3. These rights and freedoms may not, under any circumstances, be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
Article 30
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as acknowledging any State, group or person the right to engage in any activity or perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein."
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source: https://www.unicef.org/brazil/declaracao-universal-dos-direitos-humanos